Original description:
- Trewavas, Ethelwynn. 1935. "A Synopsis of the Cichlid Fishes of Lake Nyasa". Annals and Magazine of Natural History. Series 10:65-118 (crc00118)
Type species: Diplotaxodon argenteus Trewavas, 1935 (monotypy).
Described species included (10):
valid: 9 synonym: 1- Diplotaxodon argenteus Trewavas, 1935 (valid)
- Diplotaxodon ecclesi Burgess & Axelrod, 1973 (valid)
- Diplotaxodon greenwoodi Stauffer & McKaye, 1986 (valid)
- Diplotaxodon limnothrissa Turner, 1994 (valid)
- Diplotaxodon aeneus Turner & Stauffer, 1998 (valid)
- Diplotaxodon apogon Turner & Stauffer, 1998 (synonym)
- Diplotaxodon macrops Turner & Stauffer, 1998 (valid)
- Diplotaxodon altus Stauffer, Phiri & Konings, 2018 (valid)
- Diplotaxondon longimaxilla Stauffer, Phiri & Konings, 2018 (valid)
- Diplotaxodon dentatus Stauffer & Konings, 2021 (valid)
Potentially undescribed species (11):
- sp. 'holochromis' (undescribed)
- sp. 'black argenteus' (undescribed)
- sp. 'holochromis' (undescribed)
- sp. 'large black' (undescribed)
- sp. 'limnothrissa blackdorsal' (undescribed)
- sp. 'limnothrissa blackpelvic' (undescribed)
- sp. 'limnothrissa msaka' (undescribed)
- sp. 'macrops blackdorsal' (undescribed)
- sp. 'macrops ngulube' (undescribed)
- sp. 'macrops north' (undescribed)
- sp. 'similis white-back north' (undescribed)