Original description:
- Fernández-Yépez, Agustín. 1969. "Contribución al conocimiento de los cíclidos". Evencias. (22):unnumbered, Pls1-1 (crc00247)
Type species: Vieja panamensis Fernández-Yépez, 1969 (original designation).
Synonyms:
- Paratheraps Hohl, 1988. Determiner: Allgayer, Robert, 1991
Described species included (19):
valid: 8 synonym: 11- Chromis fenestrata Günther, 1860 (valid)
- Heros melanurus Günther, 1862 (valid)
- Heros parma Günther, 1862 (synonym)
- Heros bifasciatus Steindachner, 1864 (valid)
- Heros guttulatus Günther, 1864 (valid)
- Heros melanopogon Steindachner, 1864 (synonym)
- Cichlasoma zonatum Meek, 1905 (valid)
- Cichlosoma maculicauda Regan, 1905 (valid)
- Cichlosoma gadovii Regan, 1905 (synonym)
- Cichlosoma sexfasciatum Regan, 1905 (synonym)
- Cichlasoma globosum Miller, 1907 (synonym)
- Cichlasoma nigritum Meek, 1907 (synonym)
- Cichlasoma manana Miller, 1907 (synonym)
- Cichlasoma synspilum Hubbs, 1935 (synonym)
- Cichlaurus hicklingi Fowler, 1956 (synonym)
- Vieja panamensis Fernández-Yépez, 1969 (synonym)
- Cichlasoma (Theraps) hartwegi Taylor & Miller, 1980 (valid)
- Paratheraps breidohri Werner & Stawikowski, 1987 (valid)
- Vieja coatlicue Del Moral-Flores & Hernández-Arellano, 2018 (synonym)