Descrizione originale:
- Heckel, Johann Jakob. 1840. "Johann Natterer's neue Flussfische Brasilien's nach den Beobachtungen und Mittheilungen des Entdeckers beschrieben (Erste Abtheilung, Die Labroiden)". Annalen des Wiener Museums der Naturgeschichte. 325-471 (crc00007)
Specie tipo: Geophagus altifrons Heckel, 1840 (subsequent designation).
Elenco delle specie descritte (40):
valid: 33 synonym: 7- Sparus surinamensis Bloch, 1791 (valid)
- Chromis brasiliensis Quoy & Gaimard, 1824 (valid)
- Geophagus altifrons Heckel, 1840 (valid)
- Geophagus megasema Heckel, 1840 (valid)
- Chromys proxima Castelnau, 1855 (valid)
- Chromys obscura Castelnau, 1855 (valid)
- Chromys unimaculata Castelnau , 1855 (synonym)
- Chromys unipunctata Castelnau , 1855 (synonym)
- Acara gymnopoma Günther, 1862 (synonym)
- Geophagus brasiliensis Kner, 1869 (synonym)
- Acara minuta Hensel , 1870 (synonym)
- Geophagus (Satanoperca) crassilabris Steindachner, 1876 (valid)
- Geophagus camopiensis Pellegrin, 1903 (valid)
- Geophagus steindachneri Eigenmann & Hildebrand, 1910 (valid)
- Geophagus brasiliensis var. iporangensis Haseman, 1911 (valid)
- Geophagus brasiliensis var. itapicuruensis Haseman, 1911 (valid)
- Geophagus pellegrini Regan, 1912 (valid)
- Geophagus hondae Regan, 1912 (synonym)
- Geophagus magdalena Brind , 1943 (synonym)
- Geophagus harreri Gosse, 1976 (valid)
- Geophagus brachybranchus Kullander & Nijssen, 1989 (valid)
- Geophagus brokopondo Kullander & Nijssen, 1989 (valid)
- Geophagus argyrostictus Kullander, 1991 (valid)
- Geophagus taeniopareius Kullander & Royero, 1992 (valid)
- Geophagus grammepareius Kullander & Taphorn, 1992 (valid)
- Geophagus abalios López-Fernández & Taphorn, 2004 (valid)
- Geophagus winemilleri López-Fernández & Taphorn, 2004 (valid)
- Geophagus dicrozoster López-Fernández & Taphorn, 2004 (valid)
- Geophagus parnaibae Staeck & Schindler, 2006 (valid)
- Geophagus gottwaldi Schindler & Staeck, 2006 (valid)
- Geophagus sveni Lucinda, Lucena & Assis, 2010 (valid)
- Geophagus neambi Lucinda, Lucena & Assis, 2010 (valid)
- Geophagus crocatus Hauser & López-Hernández, 2013 (valid)
- Geophagus mirabilis Deprá, Kullander, Pavanelli & da Graça, 2014 (valid)
- Geophagus diamantinensis Mattos, Costa & Santos, 2015 (valid)
- Geophagus rufomarginatus Mattos & Costa, 2018 (valid)
- Geophagus multiocellus Mattos & Costa, 2018 (valid)
- Geophagus santosi Mattos & Costa, 2018 (valid)
- Geophagus pyrocephalus Chuctaya, Nitschke, Andrade, Wingert & Malabarba, 2022 (valid)
- Geophagus pyrineusi Deprá, Ohara & Silva, 2022 (valid)
Specie probabilmente non descritta (5):
- sp. 'altamira' (undescribed)
- sp. 'pindare' (undescribed)
- sp. 'bahia red' (undescribed)
- sp. 'rio são francisco' (undescribed)
- sp. 'trombetas' (undescribed)
Gruppo di specie:
- Brasiliensis (Stawikowski & Werner, 1988)
- Crassilabris (Stawikowski & Werner, 1988)
- Surinamensis (López-Fernández & Taphorn, 2004)
brasiliensis, obscurus, iporangensis, itapicuruensis, diamantinensis, rufomarginatus, multiocellus, santosi,
crassilabris, steindachneri, pellegrini,
surinamensis, harreri, taeniopareius, grammepareius, abalios, dicrozoster, parnaibae, neambi, pyrocephalus,